Galatians


Study 1.

Introduction and Theme


Contents page
Introduction      Theme   Paul an Apostle   Not of men   But by God    Survey

1. Introduction

Many of the NT letters were written to counter wrong practice, wrong doctrine or both; Galatians is one such and although a small letter it has a very big message for the believer. The message of the epistle is well known, but yet many believers still, unwittingly perhaps, fall into the trap of ‘Galatianism’: following a legalistic framework in order to try and live the Christian life,  instead of by the Spirit and remaining in the liberty of Christ.

2. Theme

The opening verse sets the scene for us:

Paul an apostle ( not of men neither by man but by Jesus Christ, and God the Father, who raised Him from the dead)

Gal.1:1

2.1  Paul an apostle

If we compare this opening with the way Paul opens his other letters we see something interesting. The words in italics are not in the original Greek.

Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle…….
Rom.1:1
 Paul called to be an apostle …………….

I Cor.1:1
Paul an apostle………

II Cor. 1:1

Paul, an apostle by the will of God……….

Eph.1:1

Paul and Timotheous the servants of Jesus Christ…….

Phil. 1:1

Paul an apostle by the
will of God………..

Col.1:1

Paul and Silvanus and Timotheus unto…..

I Thess.1:1 & II Thess.1:1

Paul an apostle of Jesus Christ by the commandment of God...

I Tim. 1:1

Paul an apostle  of Jesus Christ by the will of God………..

II Tim. 1:1
Paul a servant of God and an apostle of Jesus Christ…..

Titus 1:1

Paul a prisoner of Jesus Christ…..

Philem. 1:1

All the epistles just have Paul stating the fact that he was an apostle,  a servant  or whatever, but here in Galatians we are given some extra information: he was an apostle by Jesus Christ and God the Father; he did not received his apostleship from men or by  any man made authority, it was from God Himself. It was of God - not men: it was of the Spirit - not of the flesh. This opening verse sets the tone for the whole of this epistle.


For, as we read on, we find that the Galatian Christians, having begun well, had  fallen back into the flesh. And this is always the danger for the Christian. We may have started well, but ‘how are we continuing?’  

Look at Church history, past or recent, and see how many men of God or moves of God,  having begun in the Spirit  have fallen into fleshly ways by trying to live the life by their own efforts, trying to ‘keep’ what God gave in the first place by methods of the flesh, or of  the  world. This is the danger and sadly many fall into this way.

2.2 Not of men
Then again we note that Paul did not make himself an apostle, nor was he made one by men’s authority but by Jesus and God the Father. Many people make themselves something, or thinking they can appoint others by some ritual to an ‘office’, this is all of the flesh and not of  the Spirit. Such systems and claims inevitably lead to a control system; either from an organisation called a ‘church’, or whatever,  or by individuals claiming to be something special, either by outward proclamation or by their actions. This is exactly how cults begin and operate.

What needs to be understood is that labels, such as apostle, pastor etc in scripture,  are not titles of jobs, but descriptions of what a person does in the body of Christ. In the true church these men are not appointed by some ritual, they become recognised by the body that they have a particular gifting from God. No need to pass exams, complete a course or have a vote: God’s ways are not men’s

2.3  But by  God
The final part of the verse declares that God raised Jesus from the dead, that was a work of the Spirit. All works of the Spirit bring life, those of the flesh brings death. Paul's appointment by God to His Apostleship brought life indeed; one only needs to read Paul's life and writings in the NT to see this.

 This opening verse is a clear statement as to the message of the letter: the life of the Spirit or the works of the flesh. The one produces life and the other death. As we go through this letter we will examine this theme, comparing and contrasting life in the Spirit as opposed to  life in the flesh.

3  A survey of Galatians

Section Sub-section Notes
A. God or man?  Ch.1-2
Paul's example in... The Galatians..
Apostleship 
1:1-5
 
  ...are  soon  removed 
1:6-10
Receiving the Gospel 1:11-17  
Labouring
1:18-2:10
 
Rebuking the works of the flesh 2:11-19  
Living the life
2:20-21
 
1. Paul is set forth as an example to us.
I Tim. 1:16

2. No word of praise or thanksgiving for the Galatians.


3. No request for prayer.


4. Begins with a reproof instead.
B. Flesh or Spirit? Ch. 3-5:15
Two ways The Galatians..
  Bewitched
3:1-4
Faith or works
 3:5-14
 
Promise or law
 3:15-25
 
Sons or servants
3:26-4:7
 
  Turned back
4:8-20
Jerusalem above or Sinai below 4:8-31  
Liberty or bondage
5:1-6
 
  • The Mosaic law was added because of transgression and was only temporary until Christ should come. 3:19
  • The Mosaic law was only a schoolmaster to bring us to Christ, and having come to Him we are no longer under it.  3:24-28


  • The Old Covenant brings bondage, the New Covenant liberty 4:19-31

  • Going back to the law is works of the flesh  and we become fallen from grace. 5:1-16


  • The word law can mean different  things in scripture. The two relevant meanings here are either : the Mosaic law; or a general principle. The context determines which meaning is implied.
C. Fruit or works? Ch. 5:16 -6:18
End results The Galatians
  Hindered 5:7-15
Either flesh or Spirit
5:16-18
 
Works of the flesh
5:19-21
 
Fruit of the Spirit
5:22-23
 
Fruit seen in practice
5:24-6:18
 
Notice the three bears !

a) Bearing each others' burdens 6:2
(=gk. infirmities)

b) Bearing one's own burdens 6:5
(
= gk. responsibility)

c) Bearing the marks  of the Lord 6:17 ie. marks of   being persecuted.


The message of Galatians is: we are to stand in the freedom Christ has given to us and not allow anyone, or anything to draw us back into the works of the flesh. For example: modern Judaisers, religion of any sort, external do's and don'ts or anything else that gives an occasion for the flesh.

Having begun in the Spirit we are to continue therein and not go back to live in the flesh once more.